Moisture in my attic
What causes frost in the attic?
Excessive moisture from inside the house condenses against the uninsulated outside building material and creates a layer of frost.
Frost in your attic?
Attic frost/Ceiling Dripping Call: 701-223-9249
What causes it?
Excessive moisture from inside the house condenses against the uninsulated outside building material and creates a layer of frost. Traces of frost are normal in the cold northern states, but a coating like you see in this picture is a sign of a more severe issue. It's typically a venting issue, either warm moist air from the home is being incorrectly vented into the attic - usually from a bathroom or dryer vent - or the roof vents are not functioning adequately to allow the moisture to escape.
Is it a problem?
As the roof is warmed by the sun, the frost will melt and evaporate. Since cold air cannot carry as much moisture, excessive frost stays liquid and begins to drip into the insulation, and in some cases through to the sheetrock ceilings below, causing water staining and in extreme cases drywall tape lines will come loose, paint will bubble and water may even run out of light fixtures and other openings.
How do I deal with it?
In the case of this extreme photo, the bathroom vent was not correctly attached to the vent tube that leads outside the house. After removing the wet insulation, the venting issue was fixed and high-volume fans were temporarily placed in the attic to create moving air to help suspend the evaporating moisture until it could be carried out through the existing roof vents. The insulation was then replaced and ceiling damage repaired. In some cases, adding a power vent will allow moist air to be removed before it becomes frost.
Article from American Red Cross "Frozen Pipes"
With the cold weather coming in it is good to start thinking about how to protect ourselves from a disaster situation. This article by the American Red Cross has some great information you may want to start thinking about as the temperatures start dropping lower.
Why Pipe Freezing is a Problem
Water has a unique property in that it expands as it freezes. This expansion puts tremendous pressure on whatever is containing it, including metal or plastic pipes. No matter the strength of a container, expanding water can cause pipes to break.
Pipes that freeze most frequently are:
Pipes that are exposed to severe cold, like outdoor hose bibs, swimming pool supply lines, and water sprinkler lines.
Water supply pipes in unheated interior areas like basements and crawl spaces, attics, garages, or kitchen cabinets.
Pipes that run against exterior walls that have little or no insulation.
How to Protect Pipes From Freezing
Before the onset of cold weather, protect your pipes from freezing by following these recommendations:
Drain water from swimming pool and water sprinkler supply lines following manufacturer's or installer's directions. Do not put antifreeze in these lines unless directed. Antifreeze is environmentally harmful, and is dangerous to humans, pets, wildlife, and landscaping.
Remove, drain, and store hoses used outdoors. Close inside valves supplying outdoor hose bibs. Open the outside hose bibs to allow water to drain. Keep the outside valve open so that any water remaining in the pipe can expand without causing the pipe to break.
Add insulation to attics, basements and crawl spaces. Insulation will maintain higher temperatures in these areas.
Check around the home for other areas where water supply lines are located in unheated areas. Look in the garage, and under kitchen and bathroom cabinets. Both hot and cold water pipes in these areas should be insulated.
Consider installing specific products made to insulate water pipes like a "pipe sleeve" or installing UL-listed "heat tape," "heat cable," or similar materials on exposed water pipes. Newspaper can provide some degree of insulation and protection to exposed pipes – even ¼” of newspaper can provide significant protection in areas that usually do not have frequent or prolonged temperatures below freezing.
Consider relocating exposed pipes to provide increased protection from freezing.
How to Prevent Frozen Pipes
Keep garage doors closed if there are water supply lines in the garage.
Open kitchen and bathroom cabinet doors to allow warmer air to circulate around the plumbing. Be sure to move any harmful cleaners and household chemicals up out of the reach of children.
When the weather is very cold outside, let the cold water drip from the faucet served by exposed pipes. Running water through the pipe - even at a trickle - helps prevent pipes from freezing.
Keep the thermostat set to the same temperature both during the day and at night. By temporarily suspending the use of lower nighttime temperatures, you may incur a higher heating bill, but you can prevent a much more costly repair job if pipes freeze and burst.
If you will be going away during cold weather, leave the heat on in your home, set to a temperature no lower than 55° F.
How to Thaw Frozen Pipes
If you turn on a faucet and only a trickle comes out, suspect a frozen pipe. Likely places for frozen pipes include against exterior walls or where your water service enters your home through the foundation.
Keep the faucet open. As you treat the frozen pipe and the frozen area begins to melt, water will begin to flow through the frozen area. Running water through the pipe will help melt ice in the pipe.
Apply heat to the section of pipe using an electric heating pad wrapped around the pipe, an electric hair dryer, a portable space heater (kept away from flammable materials), or by wrapping pipes with towels soaked in hot water. Do not use a blowtorch, kerosene or propane heater, charcoal stove, or other open flame device.
Apply heat until full water pressure is restored. If you are unable to locate the frozen area, if the frozen area is not accessible, or if you can not thaw the pipe, call a licensed plumber.
Check all other faucets in your home to find out if you have additional frozen pipes. If one pipe freezes, others may freeze, too.
